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Renovation has a direct impact on the perception of the mall atmosphere and an indirect one on shoppers' hedonic and utilitarian values, satisfaction, and spending.
The hedonic benefit contributes more to shoppers' satisfaction than does the utilitarian value.
However, the utilitarian value affects shoppers' spending while the hedonic value does not.
However, the utilitarian value, which has been widely ignored in the literature, affects shoppers' spending
The utilitarian value is goal- directed, task-oriented, and successfully completed.
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